This project draws on and takes inspiration from several other efforts to document, interpret, and present the prevalence and legacy of restrictive covenants and deed restrictions.

Web Sites

Mapping Prejudice — A publicly-engaged effort to involve the people of Minneapolis, Minnesota, in the documentation of deed restrictions.

On the Line — An examination of race, housing, and education in Hartford, Connecticut.

Mapping Inequality — Part of the American Panorama online digital atlas, Mapping Inequality excavates the security survey of the Home Owners’ Loan Corporation in the 1930s, the origins of redlining.

DeedsWeb — One of the first online sites devoted to restrictive covenants, created by historian Wendy Plotkin.

Mapping Segregation — A deed restriction mapping initiative in the nation’s capital, drawing on and enriching our understanding of some of the key cases that shaped federal law on housing and segregation.

Mapping Cville — A research effort to examine the origins of the spatial and racial inequalities in Charlottesville, Virginia, including the legacy of plantations and enslavement, the use of deed restrictions, and urban development.

Books and Articles

This digital work builds upon the print scholarship and academic work of numerous scholars and journalists, starting with but not limited to the following:

Richard Brooks and Carol Rose, Saving the Neighborhood: Racially Restrictive Covenants, Law, and Social Norms

Jeffrey Gonda, Unjust Deeds: The Restrictive Covenants Cases and the Making of the Civil Rights Movement.

Rose Helper, Racial Policies and Practices of Real Estate Brokers

Charles S. Johnson and Herman Long, People vs. Property: Race Restrictive Covenants in Housing

Wendy Plotkin, “Deeds of Mistrust: Race, Housing, and Restrictive Covenants in Chicago, 1900-1953” (PhD dissertation)

Clement Vose, Caucasians Only: The Supreme Court, the NAACP, and the Restrictive Covenant Cases.

Robert Weaver, The Negro Ghetto